Efektifitas Tingkat Pencahayaan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Nemo (Amphiprion ocellaris)
Effectiveness of Lighting Intensities on Growth of Clown Anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jfmr.2024.008.03.4Keywords:
Ikan Nemo, Intensitas Cahaya, Lux, Pertumbuhan, Clown Anemonefish, Growth Performance, Light IntensitiesAbstract
Amphiprion ocellaris merupakan salah satu jenis ikan hias yang terkenal di tengah masyarakat Indonesia. Ikan ini dikenal dengan nama ikan nemo, dan digemari karena keindahan warna dan bentuknya yang menggemaskan. Selain kualitas air, tingkat pencahayaan merupakan faktor yang diduga cukup berperan penting dalam hidup ikan nemo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh cahaya buatan dengan intensitas berbeda terhadap parameter pertumbuhan dan laju sintasan ikan nemo. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Hatchery, Politeknik Perikanan Negeri, Tual pada Bulan November - Desember 2023. Ikan nemo sebanyak 30 ekor (jantan dan betina) dengan panjang dan berat awal masing-masing 35±2 mm dan 0,41±0,04 g dipelihara selama 35 hari dan diberikan makan dua kali sehari. Rangkaian penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan intensitas cahaya berbeda (0, 300, 400, 500, dan 600 lux) dan tiga kali ulangan. Hasil ANOVA dan uji lanjut Duncan secara umum menggambarkan penambahan cahaya dengan intensitas berbeda tidak cukup memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan panjang dan berat mutlak (Lm dan Wm), SGR, serta SR. Cahaya hanya berpengaruh signifikan pada pertumbuhan panjang mutlak dan SGR ikan nemo betina, tepatnya minggu pengamatan ke-1 dan 2 (fase awal pertumbuhan). Pertumbuhan ikan nemo paling baik diperoleh pada lingkungan tanpa cahaya tambahan (0 lux). Kondisi ini menjelaskan bahwa ikan nemo lebih menyukai lingkungan dengan pencahayaan natural. Pengaruh signifikan cahaya pada ikan nemo betina menjelaskan bahwa pola pertumbuhan tubuhnya yang bersifat alometrik positif, sehingga memiliki ciri fenotip lebih gemuk (montok) dari ikan nemo jantan dengan pola pertumbuhan alometrik negatif.
Amphiprion ocellaris is one of the most popular ornamental fish and is known as clown anemonefish. It is popular because of its beautiful color and adorable shape. In addition to water quality, light intensity is a factor that is assumed to play an essential role. This study aims to investigate the effect of artificial light with different intensities on growth parameters and survival rate of clown anemonefish. This study, was performed in the Hatchery Laboratory, State Fisheries Polytechnic of Tual (November - December 2023). There were 30 fish (male and female) with length and initial weight of 35±2 mm and 0.41±0.04 g, respectively reared for 35 days and fed twice a day. The studies were arranged using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five different light intensities (0, 300, 400, 500, and 600 lux) and replicated three times. The results of ANOVA and Duncan's multiple further tests illustrated commonly, that different light intensities did not significantly affect the absolute length and weight growth, SGR, and SR. Different light intensives, only showed a significant impact on absolute length growth and SGR clown anemonefish female, precisely in the first and second observation weeks (early growth phase). The best growth was in an environment with no additional light (0 lux). This condition explains that fish prefer an environment with natural lighting. The significant effect in female clown anemonefish is that their body growth pattern is positive allometric and thus makes the female fatter (plump) than the male with a negative allometric growth pattern.
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