Uji Ekstrak Air, Etanol dan Metanol Caulerpa lentillifera Terhadap Bakteri Vibrio sp. (Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio harveyi dan Vibrio alginolyticus)
The Potential Antibacteria Activity of Variety Extract of Caulerpa lentillifera (ethanol, methanol, water extract) Againts Vibrio sp. (Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio alginolyticus)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jfmr.2024.008.01.4Keywords:
Caulerpa lentilifera, Metanol Ekstrak, Water Ekstrak, Etanol Ekstrak, Uji Antibakteri, Extract Methanol, Extract Water, Extract Ethanol, Antibacteri TestAbstract
Masalah yang sering muncul dalam kultivasi vanamei adalah serangan penyakit. Salah satu penyakit semangka yang sering menyebabkan kegagalan tanaman untuk kematian massal adalah Vibriosis. Vibriosis adalah infeksi pada kerang yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Vibrio (Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, dan Vibrio parahaemolyticus). Caulerpa ini diketahui memiliki aktivitas biologis, seperti anti-hipertensi, antioksidan, anti-kanker, dan aktivitas anti-mikroba. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri masing-masing ekstrak dari Caulerpa lentillifera. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental, desain yang digunakan adalah RAL dengan Antibakteri Aktivitas Tes, yang mencakup Uji ekstrak air, etanol dan methanol terhadap bakteri Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Bakteri dalam penelitian ini adalah bakteri Vibriosis. (Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio parahaemolyticus). Tes ini dilakukan untuk menentukan apakah pelarut telah mempengaruhi pembentukan diameter zona penghalang. Pada piring (media) untuk divaksinasi dengan bakteri uji. Sebuah kertas disk steril 8 mm ditempatkan di atas medium untuk kemudian disegel dengan ekstrak kasar 10 μl dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 25; 50; 100; 200 mg / disk. Petri cangkir dikemas dalam kemasan plastik dan disimpan di inkubator pada suhu 370 C selama 1-3 hari dan diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diameter zona hambat rata-rata tertinggi ditemukan dalam perlakuan dengan ekstrak Air, Etanol dan Metanol dari Caulerpa pada dosis 100 mg/L sedangkan hasil zona hambat terendah ditemukan pada perlakuan ekstrak Air, Etanol dan Metanol Caulerpa 12,5 mg / L.
The frequent issue encountered in the cultivation of vanamei is the occurrence of disease outbreaks. Vibriosis is one of the diseases that often leads to mass death in watermelon plants. Vibriosis is an infection in shellfish caused by the Vibrio bacteria. The three species are Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Caulerpa is known to possess biological activities, such as antihypertensive, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. The research method employed was experimental, utilising a Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with Antibacterial Activity Test. This test encompassed the examination of water, ethanol, and methanol extracts against Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria. The bacteria used in this study are Vibriosis bacteria. The three species are Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. This es tis conducted to determine whether the solvent has influenced the formation of the barrier zone diameter. On the plate (medium) for inoculation with test bacteria. A sterile 8 mm disc paper is placed on the medium and then sealed with a crude extract of 10 μl with extract concentrations of 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/disk. The petri dishes are packaged in plastic packaging and stored in an incubator at a temperature of 370°C for 1-3 days, and this process is repeated 3 times. The research findings indicate that the highest average inhibitory zone diameter was found in the treatment with extracts of Water, Ethanol, and Methanol from Caulerpa at a dosage of 100 mg/L, while the lowest inhibitory zone diameter was found in the treatment with extracts of Water, Ethanol, and Methanol from Caulerpa at a dosage of 12.5 mg/L.
References
. Lightner DV. 1993. Disease of cultured penaeid shrimp. In: McVey JP, editor. CRC handbook of mariculture. 2nd ed., Vol. 1, Crustacean aquaculture. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; p. 393–486.
. Leobert D, Cabillon NA, Catedral DD, Amar EC, Usero RC, Monotilla WD, Calpe AT, Fernandez DD, Saloma CP. 2015. Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) out- breaks in Penaeus vannamei and P. monodon cultured in the Philippines. Dis Aqua Organisms. 116(3):251–254.
. Dabu IM, Lim JJ, Arabit PMT, Joi Ann S, Orense B, Tabardillo JA Jr, Corre Mary Beth VL Jr, Maningas B. 2017. The first record of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in the Philippines. Aquac Res. 48(3):792–799.
. Ishimaru K, Akagawa-Matsushita M, Muroga K. 1995. Vibrio penaeicida sp. nov., a pathogen of Kuruma prawns (Penaeus japonicus). Int J Syst Bacteriol. 45(1):134–138.
. Lavilla-Pitogo CR, Lean~o EM, Paner MG. 1998. Mortalities of pond cultured juvenile shrimp Penaeus monodon associ- ated with dominance of luminescent Vibrios in the rearing environment. Aquaculture. 164(1-4):337–349.
. Karunasagar I, Shivu MM, Girisha SK, Krohne G, Karunasagar I. 2007. Biocontrol of pathogens in shrimp hatcheries using bacteriophages. Aquaculture. 268(1-4):288–292.
. Joshi J, Srisala J, Truong VH, Chen I-T, Nuangsaeng B, Suthienkul O, Lo CF, Flegel TW, Sritunyalucksana K, Thitamadee S. 2014. Variation in Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from a single Thai shrimp farm experiencing an outbreak of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND). Aquaculture. 428-429:297–302.
. Pui CF, Bilung LM, Zin NBM, Abidin NNBZ, Vincent M, Apun K. 2014. Risk of Acquiring Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Water and Shrimp from an. Aquaculture Farm. Kuroshio Science. 8(1):59–62.
. Tran L, Nunan L, Redman RM, Mohney LL, Pantoja CR, Fitzsimmons K, Lightner DV. 2013. Determination of the infectious nature of the agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis syndrome affecting penaeid shrimp. Dis Aquat Org. 105(1):45–55.
.Lightner DV. 2012. Early mortality syndrome affects shrimp in Asia. Global Aquaculture Advocate.
.De Schryver P, Defoirdt T, Sorgeloos P. 2014. Early mortality syndrome outbreaks: a microbial management issue in shrimp farming? PLoS Pathog. 10(4):e1003919.
.Chu KB, Ahmad I, SitiZahrah A, Irene J, Norazila J, NikHaiha N, Teoh TP. 2016. Current status of acute hepatopancre- atic necrosis disease (AHPND) of farmed shrimp in Malaysia. Proceedings of the ASEAN Regional Technical Consultation on EMS/AHPND and Other Transboundary Diseases for Improved Aquatic Animal Health in Southeast Asia; 2016 Feb 22–24; Makati City, Philippines. p. 55–59.
.Han JE, Kim JE, Jo H, Eun JS, Lee C, Kim JH, Lee KJ, Kim JW. 2019. Increased susceptibility of white spot syndrome virus-exposed Penaeus vannamei to Vibrio parahaemolyti- cus causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease. Aquaculture. 512:734333.
.Sinurat E, Fajriah, S. The chemical properties of seaweed Caulerpa lentilifera from Takalar, South Sulawesi. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019;546 (042043):1-5.
.Konishi T, Nakata I, Miyagi Y, Tako M. Extraction of β-1,3Xylan from Green Seaweed, Caulerpa lentillifera. J Appl Gly. 2012;59(4):161-3.
.Maeda R, Ida T, Ihara H, Sakamoto T. 2012. Immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharides isolated from Caulerpa lentillifera on macrophage cells. Biosci Biotech Biochem. 76(3):501-5.
.Roohinejad S, Koubaa M, Barba FJ, Saljoughian S, Amid M, Greiner R. Application of seaweeds to develop new food products with enhanced shelf-life, quality and health-related beneficial properties. Food Res Int. 2017;99:1066-83.
.Sharma BR, Rhyu DY. Anti-diabetic effects of Caulerpa lentillifera: Stimulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells and enhancement of glucose uptake in adipocytes. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2014;4(7):575-80
.Fajriah S, Sinurat E, Megawati M, Darmawan A, Meilawati L, Handayani S, et al. Identification of β-1,3-Glucan and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Seagrape Caulerpa lentillifera Extracts. AIP Conference Proceeding. 2018;2024(1):020026.
.Shevchenko NM, Burtseva YV, Zvyagintseva TN, Makar′eva TN, Sergeeva OS, Zakharenko AM, et al. Polysaccharides and sterols from green algae Caulerpa lentillifera and C. sertularioides. Chem Nat Comp. 2009;45(1):1-5.
.Desy Windia Yuniarti, Maftuch and Muhammad Fadjar. 2015. Application of Immunostimulants from Caulerpa racemosa Extra ct to Improve Immune Response of Giant Gourami Fish (Osphronemous Gouramy) to Aeromonas hydrophila Infection. J. Life Sci. Biomed. 5(3): 60-64, May 30, 2015.
.Hudzicki, J. (2009). Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test protocol. American society for microbiology, 15, 55-63.
.Trianto, A., Edi, W., Suryono, Rahayu S., 2004. Ekstrak Daun Mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum Sebagai Antibakteri Vibrio harveyi dan Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan, 9(4) : 186-189
.Soedarto. 2015. Mikrobiologi Kedokteran. CV. Sagung Seto. Jakarta.
.Zaenuddin A, Nuraini YL, Faries A, dan S Wahyuningsih. 2019. Pengendalian penyakit Vibriosis pada ikan kakap putih . Jurnal Perekayasaan Budidaya Air Payau dan Laut. No. 14: 77-83.
.Rusadi D, Wardiyanto dan R Diantari. Treatment of Vibriosis disesase ( Vibrio harveyi) in vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei, Boone1931) using Avicenia alba leave extract. e-Jurnal Rekayasa dan Teknologi Budidaya Perairan.Volume VIII No 1
.Susiyanto AY, Hitijahubessy H, Samid A, dan O Cesar. 2021. Pengaruh ekstrak lamun Enhalus acoroides secara in vitro sebagai antibakteri Vibrio sp. penyebab penyakit ice -ice pada rumput laut Eucheuma cottoni. MjoCE.Vol 11 No 2.Hal. 93-98.
.Effendi, N. 1998. Dasar-Dasar Keperawatan Kesehatan Masyarakat. Edisi 2. EGC. Jakarta.
.Felix F, Nugroho TT, Silalahi S, dan Y Octavia. 2011. Screening of indonesian original bacteria Vibriosp as a cause of shrimp diseases based on 16s ribosomal dna-technique. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis. Vol. 3, No. 2, Hal. 85-99.
.Surjowardojo, P., Susilorini, T.E., dan Panjaitan, A.A. (2015). Daya Hambat Jus Kulit Apel Manalagi (Malus sylvestris Mill.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli Penyebab Mastitis pada Sapi Perah. Ternak Tropika, 16(2), 30-39.
.Hatmanti, A., R. Nuchsin., D. Julinasari. 2009.Screening Bakteri Penghambat Untuk Bakteri Penyebab Penyakit pada Budidaya Ikan Kerapu dari Perairan Banten dan Lampung. Makara, Sains, 13 (1): 81-86.
.Riniatsih I., W. A. Setyati. 2009. Bioaktivitas Ekstrak dan Serbuk LamunEnhalus acoroidesdan Thalassia hemprichiipada Vibrio alginolyticusdan Vibrio harveyi,. 14 (3): 138 -141.
.Saptiani, G., S.B. Prayitno., S. Anggoro,. 2012. Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius). Jurnal Veteriner,. 13 (3): 257-262.
.Maryani, D.D. dan Sukenda, 2002. Peranan ekstrak kelopak dan buah mangrove Sonneratia caseolaris (L) terhadap infeksi bakteri Vibrio harveyi pada udang windu (Penaeus monodon FAB.). Akuakultur Indonesia, I (3): 129–138.
.Rukyani, A., Taufik P., dan Taukhid, 1992. Penyakit kunang-kunang (luminescecce Vibrios) di hatchery udang windu dan cara penanggulangan penyakit benur di hatchery udang. J. Litbang Pert, 2,1 -17.
.Lavilla-Pitogo C.R., Lean˜o E.M., and Paner M.G., 1998. Mortalities of pond-cultured juvenile shrimp, Penaeus monodon, associated with dominance of luminescent Vibriosis in the rearing environment. Aquaculture, 164, 337- 349.
.Sinrat, R., Sombat, R., Somkiat , P., and Piamsar, M., 2000. Immunity enhancement in black tiger shrimp Penacus monodon by a probiont bacterium Bacillus S11. Aquaculture, 191, 271–288.
.Zhang, X. H., Meaden, P.G., and Austin, B., 2001. Duplication of hemolysin genes in a virulent isolate of Vibrio harveyi. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67, 3161– 3167.
.Widanarni, 2004. Penapisan bakteri probiotik untuk biokontrol Vibriosis pada larva udang windu: konstruksi penanda molekuler dan esei pelekatan. Disertasi. Program Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
.Cohen, J., Samocha, T.M., Fox, J.M., Gandy, R.L., and Lawrence, A.L., 2005. Characterization of water quality factors during intensive raceway production of juvenile L. vannamei using limited discharge and biosecure management tools. Aquaculture Engineering, 32 (3–4), 425–442.
.Romimohtarto, K. & Juwana, S., 2009. Biologi Laut. Djambatan, Jakarta, 540 hlm.
.Ikbal, M., 2015. Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Metanol Rumput Laut Hijau (Caulerpa racemosa) pada Larva Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon). Octopus, 4(2), 417–42.
.Saptasari, M., 2010. Variasi ciri morfologi dan potensi makroalga jenis caulerpa di pantai kondang merak Kabupaten Malang. el–Hayah, 1(2), 19–22.
.Kolanjinathan, K., Ganesh, P. & Saranraj, P., 2014. Pharmacological Importance of Seaweeds: A Review. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences, 6(1), 1–15.
.Agustini, W.N.S., Kusmiati, dan Handayani, D. (2017). Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Identifikasi Senyawa Kimia Asam Lemak dari Mikroalga Lyngbya sp. Biopropal Industri, 8(2), 99-107.
.Paul, V. j., Arthur, K. E., Ritson-Williams, R., & Ross, C., 2007. Marine biological laboratory chemical defenses: from compounds to communities. Biol Bull, 213(December), 226– 251.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, or thesis) that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher.
