Uji Toksisitas Akut Ibuprofen pada Ikan Cere (Gambusia affinis)
Acute Toxicity Test of Ibuprofen on Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jfmr.2024.008.01.8Keywords:
Obat Anti Inflamasi, Uji Toksisitas, Efek Letal, Selera Makan, Aktivitas Motorik, Anti-Inflammatory Drug, Toxicity Test, Lethal Effect, Appetite Behavior, Locomotor ActivityAbstract
Senyawa anti nyeri merupakan salah satu kelompok senyawa baru yang ditemukan mencemari perairan. Senyawa ini dapat dikonsumsi dengan atau tanpa resep, sehingga penggunaannya tidak terpantau dengan baik. Hal ini berpotensi meningkatkan konsentrasi kelompok senyawa ini di perairan, dan berdampak buruk bagi organisme akuatik terutama ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak letal dan subletal ibuprofen (IBU) pada Ikan Cere (G. affinis). Nilai konsentrasi letal median (LC50) IBU pada Ikan Cere yaitu 151 mg/L, 104.7 mg/L, 115.6 mg/L, dan 67.7 mg/L setelah paparan 24, 48, 72 dan 96 jam. Peningkatan konsentrasi IBU dapat menurunkan sintasan, tetapi meningkatkan mortalitas Ikan Cere. IBU meningkatkan konsumsi oksigen terlarut secara signifikan pada paparan IBU dengan konsentrasi 2 mg/L setelah 8 jam, dan 13 mg/L setelah 4 jam dan 8 jam. IBU menyebabkan peningkatkan konsumsi oksigen terlarut secara signifikan pada konsentrasi 2 mg/L setelah 8 jam, dan 13 mg/L setelah 4 jam dan 8 jam. Selain itu, IBU juga dapat menyebabkan gangguan sistem koordinasi tingkah laku makan. Ikan Cere menunda waktu mendekati makanannya setelah dipuasakan selama 48 jam dengan rata-rata sebesar >50 detik setelah 48 jam, >150 detik setelah 72 jam, dan >100 detik setelah 96 jam. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa senyawa IBU berdampak letal pada konsentrasi yang tinggi. IBU juga meningkatkan konsumsi oksigen terlarut yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan aktivitas motorik dan menurunkan selera makan ikan cere pada konsentrasi yang relatif rendah.
Pain relievers are one of emerging contaminants which are found in aquatic ecosystems. This compound can be consumed with or without prescription, so its use is not well monitored. This could potentially increase the concentration of this group of compounds, and have negative impacts on aquatic organisms, especially fish. This study aimed to analyze the lethal and sub-lethal effects of ibuprofen (IBU) on the mosquitofish (G. affinis). Median lethal concentration (LC50) values of IBU in the fish were 151 mg/L, 104.7 mg/L, 115.6 mg/L, and 67.7 mg/L after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. Their survival and mortality rates increased along with increasing of IBU concentration. IBU also caused significant disturbances in oxygen consumption levels at 2 mg/L after 8 h and 13 mg/L after 4 h and 8 h, respectively. Furthermore, IBU interfered coordination of feeding activity. This study showed that the exposed fish delayed in finding their food (foraging behavior) after an average of >50 sec after 48 h, >150 sec after 72 h, and >100 sec after 96 h. This study suggests that IBU induces lethal at high concentrations, and increases oxygen consumption that links to high motoric activity, but disrupts foraging activity of the mosquitofish at relatively low concentrations.
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