ASPEK BIOLOGI IKAN Alopias pelagicus Nakamura, 1935 DAN Alopias superciliosus Lowe, 1839 YANG DIDARATKAN DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN PANTAI (PPP) MUNCAR
BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF Alopias pelagicus Nakamura, 1935 AND Alopias superciliosus Lowe, 1839 LAND IN MUNCAR COASTAL FISHING PORT (PPP)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jfmr.2023.007.03.7Keywords:
Aspek Biologi, Ikan Hiu, PPP Muncar, Biological Aspects, Shark, Muncar Coastal Fishing PortAbstract
Ikan hiu merupakan salah satu tangkapan dominan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Muncar. Ikan hiu Alopias pelagicus Nakamura, 1935 dan Alopias superciliosus Lowe, 1839 masuk kedalam daftar APPENDIKS II CITES serta IUCN kategori terancam dan rentan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aspek biologi ikan hiu A. pelagicus dan A. superciliosus di PPP Muncar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara dokumentasi, wawancara, pengambilan data biologi, dan studi pustaka. Analisis data yang digunakan yakni analisis data deskriptif kualitatif (identifikasi hasil tangkapan dan kategorisasi spesies per jumlah) dan deskriptif kuantitatif (sebaran frekuensi panjang, rasio keseimbangan jenis kelamin, hubungan panjang – berat, dan hubungan panjang tubuh – panjang klasper). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan sebaran frekuensi panjang A. pelagicus 56 cmSL - 154 cmSL dengan total 42 ekor dan A. superciliosus 21.5 cmSL - 176.5 cmSL dengan total 17 ekor, rasio keseimbangan jenis kelamin A. pelagicus (1 : 0.62) seimbang dan A. superciliosus (1 : 1.83) tidak seimbang, hubungan panjang – berat A. pelagicus dan A. superciliosus alometrik negatif, serta hubungan panjang tubuh – panjang klasper A. pelagicus sangat kuat dan A. superciliosus sedang. Faktor yang mempengaruhi aspek biologi ikan hiu adalah genetik, sumber makanan, tingkah laku ruaya, dan kondisi lingkungan.
Sharks are one of the dominant catches at the Muncar Fishing Port. This fish Alopias pelagicus Nakamura, 1935 and Alopias superciliosus Lowe, 1839 included in the list of CITES APPENDIX II and the IUCN category of endangered and vulnerable. The research method used is descriptive. Data was collected using documentation, interviews, biological data collection, and literature study. This study aimed to determine the biological aspects of sharks A. pelagicus and A. superciliosus at Muncar Fishing Port. Data was collected by documenting, interviewing, collecting biological data, and studying the literature. Data analysis used was qualitative descriptive data analysis (catch identification and species categorization per number) and quantitative descriptive (length frequency distribution, ratio sex balance, length – weight relationship, and body length – clasper length relationship). Based on the results of the study, the length frequency distribution of A. pelagicus was 56 cmSL - 154 cmSL with a total of 42 heads and A. superciliosus was 21.5 cmSL - 176.5 cmSL with a total of 17 heads, the ratio sex balance A. pelagicus (1 : 0.62) was balanced and A. superciliosus (1 : 1.83) was not balanced, the relationship between length – weight of A. pelagicus and A. superciliosus is negative allometric, and the relationship between body length – clasper length of A. pelagicus is very strong and A. superciliosus is moderate. Factors influencing shark biology are genetics, food sources, wandering behavior, and environmental conditions.
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