Persepsi Nelayan Mengenai Penangkapan Ikan dengan Dampak Rendah dan Hemat Bahan Bakar di PPN Brondong Lamongan Jawa Timur
Fisherman's Perception Regarding Life (Low Impact and Fuel Efficient) Fishing in Brondong Fishing Port Lamongan East Java
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jfmr.2024.008.01.3Keywords:
Alat penangkapan Ikan, Cantrang, Ramah Lingkungan, Pancing Ulur, Pancing Rawai, Payang, Fishing Gear, Eco-Friendly, Hand Line, LonglineAbstract
Pengelolaan perikanan merupakan komponen penting dari pengelolaan sumber daya perairan (stok spesies, dan lingkungannya). Sumber daya perikanan memiliki definisi yang komprehensif dan, secara umum, merujuk pada semua hewan yang sebagian besar menghuni habitat perairan dan ditangkap oleh manusia. Berkurangnya stok disebabkan tingginya produktifitas penangkapan, yang dipenggaruhi penggunaan armada alat tangkap. Armada alat tangkap harus dapat memperhitungkan setidaknya tiga dampak utama, yaitu: (1) dampak lingkungan, (2) dampak terhadap kelimpahan sumber daya dan (3) dampak pada target stok sumberdaya ikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan bulan Maret – Juni 2023 di Pelabuhan Brondrong. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan cara wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi Tujuan Penelitian ini mengetahu informasi nelayan sebagai pengguna langsung terhadap keberadaan sumberadaya ikan tentang Penangkapan ikan dengan dampak rendah dan hemat bahan bakar (LIFE (Low impact and Fuel Efficient) FISHING. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Low Impact (Dampak Rendah), alat tangkap yang memiliki kontribusi paling besar terhadap lingkungan perairan yaitu cantrang dengan nilai 34%, alat tangkap payang sebesar 41%, pancing ulur 65%, dan rawai sebesar 64%. Jadi, alat tangkap yang memiliki kontribusi paling rendah adalah rawai dan pancing ulur, kemudian payang dan cantrang. Berdasarkan fuel efficient (efisiensi bahan bakar), alat tangkap yang memiliki tingkat efesiensi bahan bakar paling baik yaitu alat tangkap rawai dan pancing ulur dengan nilai 67%, kemudian payang dengan nilai 59%, dan cantrang dengan nilai 42%. Hal tersebut dikarenakan pengaruh ukuran kapal, jarak trip, dan lama trip kapal rawai dan pancing ulur dan rawai lebih sedikit dari alat tangkap payang dan cantrang . Hasil penelitian ini merekomidasi penggunaan alat tangkap rawai dan pancing dikarenakan ramah lingkungan dan efeisiensi bahan bahar.
Fisheries management is essential to aquatic resource management (species stocks and their environment). Fisheries resources have a comprehensive definition and generally refer to all animals that predominantly inhabit aquatic habitats and are caught by humans. Stock depletion is caused by high fishing productivity, which is influenced by the use of fishing gear fleets. Fishing gear fleets must be able to take into account at least three main impacts, namely: (1) environmental impacts, (2) impacts on resource abundance, and (3) impacts on target stocks of fish resources. This research was conducted from March to June 2023 at Brondrong Harbor. The research methodology employed in this study is descriptive, utilizing interviews, observations, and documentation. The purpose of this study is to determine the information of fishermen as direct users of the existence of fish resources about Fishing with low impact and fuel-efficient LIFE (Low impact and Fuel Efficient) FISHING. Based on the Low Impact study results, the fishing gear with the most significant contribution to the aquatic environment is cantrang with a value of 34%, payang gear with 41%, handline with 65%, and longline with 64%. So, the fishing gear with the lowest contribution is longline and handline, then payang and cantrang. Based on fuel efficiency, the fishing gear with the best fuel efficiency is longline and hand line fishing gear with a value of 67%, then payang with a value of 59%, and cantrang with a value of 42%. This refers to the influence of vessel size, trip distance, and trip length of longline and handline and longline vessels which are less than payang and cantrang fishing gear. The study suggests using longline and fishing gear due to their environmental friendliness and material efficiency.
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