Kondisi Tutupan Turf Algae dan Kualitas Perairan di Selat Sempu, Malang
Condition of Turf Algae Coverage and Water Quality in the Sempu Strait, Malang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jfmr.2024.008.01.11Keywords:
Underwater Photo Transect (UPT), Transek Kuadran, Indikator Kesehatan Karang, Parameter Perairan, Pertumbuhan Turf Algae, Quadrant Transect, Coral Health Indicators, Water Quality, Turf Algae GrowthAbstract
Turf algae merupakan salah satu organisme yang menjadi indikator kesehatan ekosistem terumbu karang. Organisme ini bahkan dapat mendominansi suatu daerah dan menekan angka tutupan terumbu karang dalam kondisi perairan tertentu. Hal ini tentunya menjadi ancaman bagi kelestarian suatu ekosistem yang berdampak pada perekonomian masyarakat sekitar melalui jumlah hasil tangkapan ikan. Maka dari itu penelitian ini dilaksanakan guna melakukan monitoring pada luas tutupan turf algae di Perairan Selat Sempu pada bulan Agustus tahun 2023. Metode yang digunakan yaitu sepuluh Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) pada kelima stasiun dengan panjang transek sejauh 100 meter yang dibantu oleh transek kuadran berukuran 1 x 1 m. Penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa data parameter perairan yang memengaruhi luas tutupan turf algae seperti suhu, salinitas, kecerahan, DO, arus, sedimentasi, pH, nitrat, dan fosfat. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu tutupan tertinggi terjadi pada stasiun Banyu Tawar sebesar 1.3042,05 cm2 dan tutupan terendah pada stasiun Waru-Waru sebesar 488,7 cm2. Data parameter perairan yang telah diukur memiliki nilai yang optimal dengan pH yang memiliki rentang 7,5–8,1 dissolved oxygen (DO) pada rentang 6,8–7 mg/L, salinitas 34,2-34,4‰, nitrat 0,9-2,1 mg/L, dan fosfat 0,03-0,17 mg/L, di mana nilai parameter ini mendukung pertumbuhan turf algae.
Turf algae is an organism that is an indicator of the health of coral reef ecosystems. This organism can even dominate an area and suppress coral reef cover in certain water conditions. This is of course a threat to the sustainability of an ecosystem which has an impact on the economy of the surrounding community through the amount of fish caught. Therefore, this research was carried out to monitor the extent of turf algae cover in the Sempu Strait waters in August 2023. The method used was ten Underwater Photo Transects (UPT) at five stations with a transect length of 100 meters assisted by quadrant transects measuring 1 x 1 m. This research uses several water parameter data that influence the extent of turf algae cover, such as temperature, salinity, brightness, DO, currents, sedimentation, pH, nitrate and phosphate. The results obtained were that the highest cover occurred at Banyu Tawar station at 1,3042.05 cm2 and the lowest cover at Waru-Waru station at 488.7 cm2. The water parameter data that has been measured has optimal values with pH having a range of 7.5–8.1 dissolved oxygen (DO) in the range 6.8–7 mg/L, salinity 34.2-34.4‰, nitrate 0.9-2.1 mg/L, and phosphate 0.03-0.17 mg/L, where these parameter values support the growth of turf algae.
References
S. B. Tebbett and D. R. Bellwood, “Algal turf productivity on coral reefs: A meta-analysis,” Mar. Environ. Res., vol. 168, Maret 2021.
C. J. Fulton et al., “Form and function of tropical macroalgal reefs in the Anthropocene,” Funct. Ecol., vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 989–999, Januari 2019.
D. S. Widyartini, A. I. Insan, and H. A. Hidayah, “Diversity and Distribution of Phaeophyta Macroalgae in Pedalen Coastal Waters, Kebumen,” J. Ilmu Pertan. Indones., vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 65–71, Januari 2023.
E. E. George et al., “Space-filling and benthic competition on coral reefs,” PeerJ, vol. 9, pp. 1–25, Juni 2021.
P. Díaz-Tapia, W. A. Nelson, and H. Verbruggen, “Molecular analyses of turf algae reveal a new species and an undetected introduction in the Pterosiphonieae (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta),” J. Phycol., vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 603–618, April 2023.
K. E. Fabricius, K. Crossman, M. Mongin, M. Jonker, and A. Thompson, “Macroalgal cover on coral reefs: Spatial and environmental predictors, and decadal trends in the Great Barrier Reef,” PLoS One, vol. 18, no. 1, Januari 2023.
S. Katsanevakis et al., “Impacts of invasive alien marine species on ecosystem services and biodiversity: A pan-European review,” Aquat. Invasions, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 391–423, Agustus 2014.
A. Isdianto et al., “Hubungan Parameter Hidro-Oseanografik dengan Tutupan Karang di perairan Selat Sempu,” J. Fish. Mar. Res., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 45–53, 2022.
O. M. Luthfi and A. Jauhari, “Assesmen Kondisi Fisika-Kimia Oseanografi Perairan Pulau Sempu Malang Selatan sebagai Parameter Penentuan Lokasi Pembuatan Taman Karang,” Pros. PIT X ISOI, no. September 2013, pp. 27–34, 2013.
A. Isdianto et al., “Observation of Coral Reef and Macroalgae Competition in the Sempu,” J. Ecol. Eng., vol. 24, no. 10, pp. 174–184, 2023.
D. Gibbs and M. J. West, “Resilience assessment of Puerto Rico ’ s coral reefs to inform reef management,” PLoS One, vol. 14, no. 11, November 2019.
M. Zubia, M. Depetris, O. Flores, J. Turquet, and P. Cuet, “Macroalgae as a tool for assessing the ecological status of coral reefs under the Water Framework Directive: A case study on the reef flats of La Réunion (Indian Ocean),” Mar. Pollut. Bull., vol. 137, pp. 339–351, Oktober 2018.
Y. Vadeboncoeur, M. Moore, S. Stewart, S. Chandra, K. Atkins, J. Baronet al., "Blue waters, green bottoms: benthic filamentous algal blooms are an emerging threat to clear lakes worldwide", Bioscience, vol. 71, no. 10, p. 1011-1027, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biab049
D. Susiloningtyas, T. Handayani, and A. N. Amalia, “The Impact of Coral Reefs Destruction and Climate Change in Nusa Dua and Nusa Penida, Bali, Indonesia,” IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 145, no. 1, 2018.
I. G. N. A. Wibawa and O. M. Luthfi, “Water Quality of Coral Reef Ecosystem At Sempu Strait, Sendang Biru Malang,” J. Segara, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 25–35, 2017.
M. A. Rahajeng et al., “Pengetahuan, Persepsi dan Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Konservasi di Kawasan Cagar Alam Pulau Sempu, Kabupaten Malang,” Diponegoro J. Maquares, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 109–118, 2014.
O. M. Luthfi, D. Akbar, M. G. Ramadhan, M. Rohman, and N. K. Wahib, “Studi Komparatif Tutupan Living dan Non Living Substrat Dasar Perairan Pulau Sempu Kabupaten Malang Menggunakan Metode Reef Check,” JFMR-Journal Fish. Mar. Res., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 127–134, Agustus 2019.
O. M. Luthfi, C. S. U. Dewi, R. D. Sasmitha, D. S. Alim, D. B. D. P. Putranto, and F. Yulianto, “Kelimpahan Invertebrata di Pulau Sempu sebagai Indeks Bioindikator, Ekonomis Penting Konsumsi, dan Komoditas Koleksi Akuarium,” J. Fish. Mar. Res., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 137–148, November 2018.
D. Daud, J. N. W. Schaduw, C. L. Sinjal, J. D. Kusen, E. Y. Kaligis, and A. S. Wantasen, “Kondisi Terumbu Karang Pada Kawasan Wisata Pantai Malalayang Kota Manado Provinsi Sulawesi Utara Dengan Menggunakan Metode Underwater Photo Transect,” J. Pesisir Dan Laut Trop., vol. 9, no. 1, p. 44, 2021.
S. English, C. Wilkinson, and V. Baker, Survey Manual For Tropical Marine Resources, 2nd ed. 1997.
K. Lüning, Seaweeds: Their Environment, Biogeography and Ecophysiology. Wiley Interscience Publication, 1990.
R. Silaban and E. M. Y. Kadmaer, “Pengaruh Paramater Lingkungan Terhadap Kepadatan Makroalga di Pesisir Kei Kecil, Maluku Tenggara,” J. Kelaut. Nas., vol. 15, no. 1, 2020.
M. Z. Tee, Y. S. Yong, K. F. Rodrigues, and W. T. L. Yong, “Growth rate analysis and protein identification of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) under pH induced stress culture,” Aquac. Reports, vol. 2, pp. 112–116, September 2015.
I. Budi Setyawan, W. Prihanta, and E. Purwanti, “Identifikasi Keanekaragaman Dan Pola Penyebaran Makroalga Di Daerah Pasang Surut Pantai Pidakan Kabupaten Pacitan Sebagai Sumber Belajar Biologi,” JPBI (Jurnal Pendidik. Biol. Indones., vol. 1, no. 1, 2015.
F. Kasim, P. Studi, M. Sumberdaya, F. Perikanan, D. A. N. Ilmu, and U. N. Gorontalo, “Kolaboratif Dosen Dan Mahasiswa Dana Pnbp Tahun Anggaran 2020 Cluster Analysis Pada Penerapan Tranplantasi Lamun Menggunakan Teknik,” 2020.
I. Dahlia, S. Rejeki, and T. Susilowati, “Pengaruh dosis pupuk dan substrat yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan Caulerpa lentillifera,” J. Aquac. Manag. Technol., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 28–34, 2015.
N. W. A. A. Sari, I. D. N. N. Putra, and W. Widiastuti, “Struktur Komunitas Makroalga di Perairan Jemeluk dan Penuktukan, Bali,” J. Mar. Aquat. Sci., vol. 6, no. 1, p. 1, Agustus 2020.
A. M. Sandy, Indrayani, and F. Yasidi, “Komposisi Jenis Dan Distribusi Makroalga Berdasarkan Tipe Substrat di Perairan Pantai Kampa Desa Wawobili Kabupaten Konawe Kepulauan,” J. Manaj. Sumber Daya Perair., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 19–36, Februari 2021.
S. Ramlah, N. El Fajri, and Adriman, “Physical, Chemical Parameters and Saphrobic Coefficients (X) as Determinants of Water Wuality in the Senapelan River, Pekanbaru,” J. Online Mhs. Fak. Perikan. dan Ilmu Kelaut. Univ. Riau, 2015.
S. Al-Risqia, K. Kurniawan, and I. Ambalika, “Kepadatan Bulu Babi (Diadema setosum) Pada Ekosistem Terumbu Karang Di Karang Kering Perairan Bedukang Kabupaten Bangka,” J. Trop. Mar. Sci., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 84–93, 2021.
O. M. Luthfi, A. Jauhari, and Guntur, “Melihat status nilai konservasi terumbu karang dan ide pembuatan taman karang di Kawasan Lindung (Cagar Alam) Pulau Sempu, Malang Selatan,” Maret 2014.
R. Pastorok and G. Bilyard, “Effects of Sewage Pollution on Coral-Reef Communities,” Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., vol. 21, pp. 175–189, 1985.
O. M. Luthfi, L. Naradiarga, and A. Jauhari, “Gangguan Kesehatan Karang di Wilayah Perairan Cagar Alam Sempu , Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur,” Pertem. Ilm. Nas. ISOI XI, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 202–209, 2014.
N. Rukminasari, K. Awaluddin, and Nadiarti, “The Effect of Acidic Level of Media on Calcium Concentration and Growth of Halim eda sp,” Torani, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 28–34, April 2014.
O. Muzaky Luthfi, “Coral Reef Conservation Using Coral Garden Initiative in Sempu Island,” J. Innov. Appl. Technol., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 210–216, Juni 2016.
O. M. Luthfi et al., “Pemantauan Kondisi Invertebrata Menggunakan Metode Reef Check, Di Perairan Selat Sempu, Kabupaten Malang,” J. Kelaut. Indones. J. Mar. Sci. Technol., vol. 10, no. 2, p. 129, Desember 2018.
A. Somma, F. Zahida, and P. Yuda, “Kelimpahan dan Pola Penyebaran Bulu Babi (Echinoidea) di Terumbu Karang Pantai Pasir Putih, Situbondo, Indonesia,” Biota J. Ilm. Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 111–115, Oktober 2018.
M. K. Ikhsan, S. Rudiyanti, and C. Ain, “Hubungan antara Nitrat dan Fosfat dengan Kelimpahan Fitoplankton di Waduk Jatibarang Semarang,” J. Maquares, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 2020, 2019.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, or thesis) that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher.
